Two-Step Processing Method for Blending High-Performance Polymers with Notable Thermal and Rheological Differences: PEI and PBT

Blends between high-performance polymers (HPP) are barely studied, especially those produced by melting processing. In this work, it is proposed a novel methodology to prepare blends between polymers with notable processing temperature differences: poly(ether imide) (PEI) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Processing parameters are settled after thermal and rheological evaluation of pure materials, those results suggest these blends need to be produced by steps. It is found a synergistic effect such as lowering PEI processing temperature and reducing PBT hydrolysis at high temperatures. Propose methodology allows to produce blends between HPP in the whole composition range with the same processing conditions.     

2 500 t/d生产线煅烧高镁熟料的生产应用

四川省兆迪水泥有限责任公司2500t/d新型干法熟料生产线,于2014年7月11日重建点火投产。生产过程中针对工厂高镁石灰石的原料特点,注意总结工艺操作、熟料质量等方面的经验,采取了积极有效的措施,取得了较好的效果。     

Thermo-physical properties of as deposited and aged thermal barrier coatings (TBC) for gas turbines: State-of-the art and advanced TBCs

In the perspective of fuelling the future generations of gas turbines by hydrogen rich syngas, the evaluation of the effect of a higher water vapour content into the flue gases on the TBC used, or potentially usable, is a need. For this purpose YPSZ APS TBC with two different microstructures have been exposed for 500?h at different temperatures in the range 1000?°C–1250?°C either in air and air +20% vol. H₂O. The comparison between the different testing conditions has been performed in terms of sintering kinetics and phase stability, as evaluated by thermal diffusivity measurements and Synchrotron X-Rays diffraction, respectively. Furthermore the characterisation of thermal properties of two innovative TBCs (GZO-YPSZ and YAG) potentially able to withstand the CMAS attack and erosive environments, respectively, has been carried out.No clear evidence of a different behaviour of TBC has been observed, at least in the considered aging time and temperature range.     

The effects of processing parameters on the morphology of PLA/PEG melt electrospun fibers

Electrospinning of a polymer melt is an ideal technique to produce highly porous nanofibrous or microfibrous scaffolds appropriate for biomedical applications. In recent decades, melt electrospinning has been known as an eco‐friendly procedure as it eliminates the cytotoxic effects of the solvents used in solution electrospinning. In this work, the effects of spinning conditions such as temperature, applied voltage, nozzle to collector distance and collector type as well as polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration on the diameter of melt electrospun polylactic acid (PLA)/PEG fibers were studied. The thermal stability of PLA/PEG blends was monitored through TGA and rheometry. Morphological investigations were carried out via optical and scanning electron microscopy. Based on the results, blends were almost stable over the temperature range of melt electrospinning (170 ? 230 °C) and a short spinning time of 5 min. To obtain non‐woven meshes with uniform fiber morphologies, experimental parameters were optimized using ANOVA. While increasing the temperature, applied voltage and PEG content resulted in thinner fibers, PEG concentration was the most influential factor on the fiber diameter. In addition, a nozzle to collector distance of 10 cm was found to be the most suitable for preparing uniform non‐woven PLA/PEG meshes. At higher PEG concentrations, alterations in the collector distance did not affect the uniformity of fibers, although at lower distances vigorous bending instabilities due to polarity augmentation and viscosity reduction resulted in curly fibrous meshes. Finally, the finest and submicron scale fibers were obtained through melt electrospinning of PLA/PEG (70/30) blend collected on a metallic frame. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Short communication: Temporal changes in the skin morphology of dairy cows during the periparturient period

Management of dairy cow productivity requires monitoring of their nutritional status by visual observation. It has been suggested that changes in hair coat appearance are among the indicators of nutritional state in dairy cows. Temporal changes in the skin morphology in cows, however, have not been reported. In this study, we examined the changes in the skin of dairy cows that occur during the peripartum period. Seven pluriparous cows were used. Skin samples were collected at 28 d before the due date and 28 d and 56 d after calving for morphological examination. Hair follicle width was 108.8 ± 5.9 µm (±SD) in the dry period, 95.5 ± 5.5 µm at 28 d after calving, and 104.2 ± 5.3 µm at 56 d postpartum. The percentages of anagen hair follicles during these 3 periods were 41.4 ± 3.4, 18.5 ± 3.4, and 32.3 ± 3.3%, respectively. The corresponding sebaceous gland sizes were 8,362.0 ± 707.6, 7,800.0 ± 831.4, and 9,186.8 ± 962.6 µm², respectively. Hair follicle width was positively correlated with percentage of anagen hair follicles. The thickness of epidermal and proliferation rate of epidermal cell were also correlated. However, the hair follicle width, sebaceous gland size and cell proliferation rate, and thickness and proliferation rate of epidermal cells did not show any marked changes.     

Ti6Al4V钛合金表面蓝色微弧氧化膜的制备及性能

利用微弧氧化技术在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面制备出蓝色微弧氧化膜。对微弧氧化膜的微观形貌和元素组成进行了分析,并对微弧氧化膜的显微硬度进行了测试。结果表明:微弧氧化膜表面光整,呈均匀深蓝色,其主要由Ti、Mn、O和C四种元素组成,还含有少量的V、Al和Si元素;微弧氧化膜的表面粗糙度约为0.159μm,与钛合金的表面粗糙度相近;微弧氧化膜的显微硬度为5 437.4 MPa,显著高于钛合金的显微硬度。     

500 kV输电线路耐张线夹钢锚断裂分析

采用宏观检查、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、显微组织观察等方法分析了某500 kV线路耐张线夹钢锚断裂的原因。结果表明, 钢锚断裂的原因主要是压接工艺控制不当, 在第一模部位产生了应力集中;钢锚压接后加工硬化效应明显, 相较压接前钢锚硬度提高了72%, 达到了210HB, 室温冲击韧性降低了58%, 为31 J, 致使钢锚抵御冲击载荷能力降低, 最终在应力集中部位断裂。     

基体表面粗糙度对激光沉积不锈钢形貌、组织及性能的影响

目的研究基体待沉积表面粗糙度的变化对激光沉积之后沉积层质量(宏观形貌、微观组织和力学性能)的影响,从而获得形貌、组织及性能优良的沉积层。方法采用316L不锈钢粉末,在不同表面粗糙度状态下P20钢基体表面分别进行单道单层、薄壁、多道搭接及块体沉积实验,获得测试分析所需沉积层,基于OM、SEM以及拉伸试验对沉积层组织性能进行分析。结果单道单层时,相对于铣削基体表面沉积层,喷砂基体表面沉积层的熔高、熔深增加幅度达到了100%,而熔宽增加较平缓;单道薄壁时,在前5层的沉积中,喷砂基体表面沉积高度增长达到2.5mm,铣削表面沉积高度仅为前者一半,喷砂基体上沉积层内部孔隙率仅为铣削基体的31%;多道搭接时,随着粗糙度的增大,沉积层截面纵向尺寸H的内部增长范围持续变大,而横向尺寸L范围保持稳定。喷砂基体表面沉积层的σ_b为540.93 MPa,而铣削基体上的σ_b为523.12 MPa。结论随着基体表面粗糙度的增加,沉积过程中陷光效应相应增强,单道单层沉积层的宏观形貌尺寸随之增大。对于薄壁沉积,基体粗糙度对薄壁高度的影响主要集中在前5层,粗糙度的增大使得沉积高度生长加快,内部孔隙率减小。多道搭接时,粗糙度越大,熔高熔深方向的尺寸变化越大,沉积层内部枝晶更加粗大,且不均匀。沉积层内部的抗拉强度随粗糙度的增大而提升。     

磨料粒径及形状对磨料水射流切割钛合金表面微观形貌的影响

采用不同粒径与形状的磨料颗粒，在磨料水射流切割平台上切割钛合金，用超景深显微镜等设备分析，以研究不同的磨料粒径及形状对钛合金表面微观形貌的影响。研究表明:磨料粒径越大，钛合金表面所形成的划痕越长，80目磨料颗粒形成的微划痕长度约为160目磨料的5倍。且球形磨料颗粒所形成的划痕末端堆积较少，其表面线粗糙度低于9.5 μm；具有棱边的磨料颗粒所形成的划痕有唇状或鳞片状金属堆积，其表面线粗糙度在9.5～13.0 μm间；柱体形的磨料颗粒冲击形成的划痕带有尖锐的棱角，其表面粗糙度大于13.0 μm。      

Study of compatibility between aliphatic polyketone terpolymer and poly(styrene-r-acrylonitrile)

Compatibility studies have been conducted for polyketone (PK) and styrene–acrylonitrile (SAN) blends in which SAN polymers have different acrylonitrile (AN) contents. Measurements of mechanical properties exhibit the immiscibility of PK/SAN blends. Glass transition temperature shifts and width broadening of the glass transition mean partial compatibility in the amorphous region of the PK/SAN blends. Peak shifts of the CO functional group are larger for PK/SAN48 than that of PK/SAN40 blend. In morphological observations, the dispersed domains appear more refined for the PK/SAN48 blend and the PK/SAN48 blend has better boundary adhesion between the two phases. The Flory–Huggins interaction parameters simulated for the PK/SAN mixture were at a low level and the PK/SAN48 blend showed lower values than the PK/SAN40 blend. This means that the PK/SAN polymer blend is partially compatible in the amorphous region. The level of compatibility tends to increase as the AN content of the SAN polymer increases. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48743.